Abdominal wall

The abdominal wall is a multi-layered structure that encloses the abdominal cavity. Its layers, from superficial to deep, typically include skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscles (external oblique, internal oblique, transversus abdominis, rectus abdominis), fascia, and parietal peritoneum. It provides core support and protection for abdominal viscera, enables trunk movement, maintains posture, and assists in functions like respiration, defecation, and childbirth.