⚙ How is this computed? Methods: Lifespan Analysis
Longevity & Aging

Longevity interventions

CR, rapamycin, GHR-KO, KU0063794, and metformin from Tyshkovskiy et al., Cell 2023. SP121 maps show where annotated targets are expressed, not whether a compound works.

Species signatures vs interventions

In this paper, long-lived-species signatures often move with aging (reinforcing / divergent), while CR, rapamycin, GHR-KO, and KU0063794 move against aging expression (counteracting).

5Curated interventions
5Counteracting aging
3Established
1From the 2023 compound screen

Calorie Restriction (CR)

Counteracting Established Dietary
▶ Nutrient sensing / energy metabolism

In the paper’s 92-dataset aging meta-analysis, CR opposes age-related expression changes rather than amplifying them (PMID 37269831).

Effect on aging: reverses aging expression patterns

PMID 37269831 ↗

Rapamycin / mTOR inhibition

Counteracting Established Pharmacological
▶ MTOR / nutrient sensing

mTORC1 inhibition extends lifespan in model organisms and reduces nutrient-sensing programs that rise with age (PMID 37142830).

Effect on aging: reverses aging expression patterns

PMID 37142830 ↗

Growth Hormone Receptor Knockout (GHR-KO)

Counteracting Established Genetic
▶ GH/IGF1 axis

GHR-null mice live longer. The GH/IGF-1/insulin axis is the same downregulation tracked on the Relationship page (PMID 37269831).

Effect on aging: low growth axis opposing age-driven rise

PMID 37269831 ↗

Cell 2023 screen

KU0063794

Counteracting Candidate Pharmacological (discovered via longevity biomarkers)
▶ mTOR / PI3K-Akt

Nominated in Tyshkovskiy et al. 2023 using longevity/aging biomarkers. Dual mTORC1/2 inhibition extended remaining lifespan in old mice (PMID 37269831).

Effect on aging: extends remaining lifespan & healthspan in aged mice

PMID 37269831 ↗

Metformin (context)

Counteracting Candidate Pharmacological
▶ AMPK / energy metabolism

AMPK-linked energy-metabolism candidate, included for context (PMID 32333835, Kulkarni et al., Cell Metab. 2020).

Effect on aging: AMPK activation opposing age-driven metabolic decline

PMID 32333835 ↗

SP121 · Human Cell Atlas · Descriptive Explorer

Atlas Target Availability

Select one of the 18 curated drugs to inspect where its annotated molecular targets are expressed across 107 SP121 human atlas cell types. Each cell-type image links to the matching content.php atlas view.

SP121 target expression
Target expression in SP121, not efficacy or a drug ranking.
—curated drugs; not ranked by efficacy
—SP121 atlas cell types
—stratified cells used descriptively
—mapped content.php links
Descriptive target-expression matching No independent biological replicates · no inferential drug ranking

▸ Intervention filter table

Curated longevity interventions and geroprotectors
InterventionRoutePathwayEffect on agingEvidencePMID
Calorie Restriction (CR) Dietary Nutrient sensing / energy metabolism Counteracting Established PMID 37269831 ↗
Rapamycin / mTOR inhibition Pharmacological MTOR / nutrient sensing Counteracting Established PMID 37142830 ↗
Growth Hormone Receptor Knockout (GHR-KO) Genetic GH/IGF1 axis Counteracting Established PMID 37269831 ↗
KU0063794 Pharmacological (discovered via longevity biomarkers) mTOR / PI3K-Akt Counteracting Candidate PMID 37269831 ↗
Metformin (context) Pharmacological AMPK / energy metabolism Counteracting Candidate PMID 32333835 ↗
SOURCES

Curated from Tyshkovskiy et al., Cell 2023, Distinct longevity mechanisms across and within species and their association with aging (PMID 37269831). KU0063794 was identified using the paper's longevity/aging biomarkers and validated to extend remaining lifespan and healthspan in aged mice; the other interventions are established mammalian lifespan-extenders referenced in the same work. All PubMed links point to verified key references.