Amacrine cells

Amacrine cells are a diverse group of inhibitory interneurons in the retina's inner nuclear layer. They form lateral connections within the inner plexiform layer, modulating signals between bipolar cells and ganglion cells. Lacking long axons, they use their processes for local circuit integration. They are crucial for complex visual processing, including motion detection, directional selectivity, and temporal adaptation, shaping the retina's output before it reaches the brain.