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Species
Alpaca
Vicugna pacos
Ungulates
Species Overview
A domesticated South American camelid (family Camelidae), derived from the wild vicu?a (Vicugna vicugna) approximately 6,000 years ago in the Andes. Adults weigh 55โ90 kg and stand ~90 cm at the shoulder. They have a slender body, long neck, and are covered in dense, luxuriously soft fiber (fleece) that comes in 22+ natural colorsโone of the finest natural fibers, prized for textiles. Two breeds exist: Huacaya (dense, crimped fleece) and Suri (long, silky, pencil-lock fleece). Alpacas are herbivorous, efficiently grazing on grasses and hay with a three-compartmented stomach. They are gentle, social herd animals that communicate through body posture, humming, and spitting (when annoyed). They are induced ovulators. Gestation is ~335โ345 days, producing one cria (baby). Native to the high-altitude Andes (3,500โ5,000 m) of Peru, Bolivia, and Chile, they have been exported worldwide. Peru has the largest population (~3.7 million). Camelids produce unique heavy-chain-only antibodies (nanobodies), of growing importance in biotechnology. Lifespan: 15โ25 years. 2n=74.
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